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Strong Adjectives

Page history last edited by David 15 years, 1 month ago

The Strong Adjective Declension

This declension is only to be used with strong adjectives.

 

Adjectives employ two different sets of endings, strong and weak. These names only reflect a binary system, equivalent to Type A and Type B, respectively; the adjectives 'strong' and 'weak' have no other connotations. Whereas a given noun is either strong (inherently) or weak (inherently) but not both, a given adjective by contrast may employ either strong or weak endings as the context requires. There is thus a difference in use and connotation between strong adjectival endings and their weak counterparts. The term 'strong adjective' is generally used as a shorthand for 'adjective with strong endings'; similarly 'weak adjective' means 'adjective with weak endings'. Using this terminology, the difference in usage is the following: strong adjectives are indefinite, weak adjectives are definite.

http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/gotol-3-X.html#Got03_GP13

 

a-stems

  SINGULAR    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -s -ata -a
A -ana -ata -a
G -is -is -áinos
D -amma -amma -ái
  PLURAL    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -ái -a -ós
A -ans -a -ós
G -áise -áise -áiso
D -aim -aim -áim

 

ja-stems

  SINGULAR    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -jis -i;-jata -i;-ja
A -jana -i;-jata -ja
G -jis -jis -jáinos
D -jamma -jamma -jái
  PLURAL    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -jái -ja -jós
A -jans -ja -jós
G -jáise -jáise -jáiso
D -jaim -jaim -jáim

 

wa-stems

  SINGULAR    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -ws -w  
A -wana -w  
G -ws -ws;-wis  
D -wamma -wamma  
  PLURAL    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -wái   -wós
A -ans   -wós
G -wáise -wáise -wáise
D -waim -waim -wáim

 

The i-stems only differ as indicated in the following chart.

i-stems

  SINGULAR    
  masculine neuter feminine
N -s -- -s
A   --  
G -is -is  

An empty box represents "no change from the ja-stems" and "--" represents "no suffix added to the root/the stem is lost".

 

Intensive Adjectives

 

Comparative: -(t)uma

Superlative: -(t)mists

 

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