The fourth weak conjugation is characterized by the suffix PIE *-nā- > PGmc *-nō- added to the verbal root. The verbs of this class are typically denominative or deverbative. Consider the following examples:
| |
Nominative
|
Stem
|
Meaning
|
Weak IV Infinitive
|
Meaning
|
Denominative
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
fulls
háuhs
weihs
|
fulla-
háuha-
weiha-
|
full
high
holy
|
fullnan
us-háuhnan
weihnan
|
become full
be glorified
be hallowed
|
| |
Strong Infin.
|
Past Part
|
|
|
|
Deverbative
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
andbindan
fraliusan
wakan
|
andbundans
fralusans
*wakans
|
unbind
lose
be awake
|
andbundnan
fralusnan
gawaknan
|
become unbound
be lost
keep awake
|
The verb fullnan 'to become full' serves to illustrate the forms of Class IV weak verbs. The forms are as follows.
Class IV
|
Active
|
|
|
Mediopassive
|
|
| |
Indicative
|
Subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
Indicative
|
Subjunctive
|
Present
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Sg
2
3
|
fullna
fullnis
fullniþ
|
fullnáu
fullnáis
fullnái
|
fulln
fullnadáu
|
-
-
-
|
-
-
-
|
|
1 Du
2
|
fullnos
fullnats
|
fullnáiwa
fullnáits
|
fullnats
|
|
|
|
1 Pl
2
3
|
fullnam
fullniþ
fullnand
|
fullnáima
fullnáiþ
fullnáina
|
fullnam
fullniþ
fullnandáu
|
-
-
-
|
-
-
-
|
Past
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Sg
2
3
|
fullnóda
fullnódes
fullnóda
|
fullnódjáu
fullnódeis
fullnódi
|
|
|
|
|
1 Du
2
|
fullnódu
fullnóduts
|
fullnódeiwa
fullnódeits
|
|
|
|
|
1 Pl
2
3
|
fullnódum
fullnóduþ
fullnódun
|
fullnódeima
fullnódeiþ
fullnódeina
|
|
|
|
| Infinitive |
fullnan |
|
|
|
|
| Pres Part |
fullnands |
|
|
|
|
| Past Part |
|
|
|
- |
|
In the past tense, the forms of Class IV weak verbs are the same as those of Class II, except for the insertion of the -n- suffix. Mediopassive forms are lacking in for this class of verbs (not unexpectedly, given the intransitive nature of the verbs and their possible origin in the PIE middle voice). There are also no extant forms of past participles.
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