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Fourth Strong Conjugation

Page history last edited by David 14 years, 9 months ago

The fourth strong conjugation comprises verbs whose root ends in a single resonant l,r,m,n.  The resulting ablaut pattern characterizing the third strong conjugation in Wistra-Gutisk thus becomes the following.

 

Class IV Ablaut

Class
Present
Past Sg.
Past Pl.
Past Part.

IVa

IVb

i

ai [E]

a

a

e

e

u

au [QV]

 

The difference between Classes IVa and IVb lies in the vowels of the present system and of the past participle stems.

 

The verbs brikan 'break' and trudan 'tread' follow the ablaut pattern of the fourth class though their roots do not end in a resonant.

 

The verb baíran 'bear, carry', with prinicpal parts baira -- bar -- berum -- baurans, serves to illustrate the forms of the fourth conjugation. The forms are as follows.

 

Class IV
Active
    Mediopassive
 
  Indicative
Subjunctive
Imperative
Indicative
Subjunctive
Present
     

1 Sg.

2

3

baira

bairis

bairiþ

bairáu

bairáis

bairái

 

bair

bairadáu

bairada

bairaza

bairada

bairadáu

bairazáu

bairadáu

1 Du

2

bairos

bairats

bairáiwa

bairáits

 

bairats

   

1 Pl.

2

3

bairam

bairiþ

bairand

bairáima

bairáiþ

bairáina

bairam

bairiþ

bairandáu

bairanda

bairanda

bairanda

bairáindáu

bairáindáu

bairáindáu

Past
         

1 Sg.

2

3

bar

bart

bar

berjáu

bereis

beri

     

1 Du

2

beru

beruts

bereiwa

bereits

     

1 Pl.

2

3

berum

beruþ

berun

bereima

bereiþ

bereina

     
Infinitive bairan        
Pres. Part. bairands        
Past Part.       baurans  

 

http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/gotol-6-X.html#Got06_GP27

 

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